Hell, why even choose to live? Humans are so inefficient. Just stop existing.

I live in one of the “formally suspended” states (Oregon). Capital punishment is entrenched in the state constitution, but state officials have done their darn best to get around that. The governor commutes all death sentences to life imprisonment. The execution chamber and death row were both dismantled, and the state has no way to procure the drugs needed for lethal injection, the only approved method of execution. A “temporary” moratorium has been in effect for over a decade.

There hasn’t been an execution in Oregon in almost 30 years.

This is why I think the Democrats could have run a cardboard box or Vladimir Lenin’s ghost in 2020 and still won.

What country are you in?

But I will give a few pieces of general advice: if food delivery is popular in your country, do not use it. Ever. It is a notorious money drain basically no matter where you are in the country. If you want to pick up food, force yourself to go out and buy it yourself. Or buy frozen foods for when you’re too tired to cook.

I did the maths for one of my friends who was essentially addicted to food delivery apps (ordering almost every day) and discovered that he had spent almost a third of his monthly earnings on food delivery. Cutting this habit essentially singlehandedly fixed his budget problems and allowed him to start paying down his credit card debt.

Which leads me to my second point of advice: don’t get into credit card debt. It is extremely painful to crawl out of.

Absolutely not, and I hate this term “made up” whenever people are trying to describe the economy.

In an economy populated by free economic agents, prosperity is determined less so by the amount of goods available but by how much those agents trade among each other. For each type of economic resource, whether that be goods, services, labour, money, or social status, there is a certain distribution of those resources which maximises everyone’s utility. It is impossible to nail down what that distribution is, but when people are more willing to trade with each other, those resources have a tendency to flow towards the people who most want them. Even though the amount of resources available does not grow, a “good economy” where people are willing to exchange resources will feel more prosperous than a “bad economy” where everyone is scared of losing their resources and thus hoard what they have.

You are happy when you are able to trade the resources you have (possibly just your labour) and get in return things that you value more than keeping your labour. Food, shelter, cars, and Pokémon cards. You could keep your 40 hours, but surely you wouldn’t be very happy with just that, would you? Trade creates value.

And because I know people like talking about socialism here, this is where the Soviets went wrong and where the Chinese went right. The Soviets thought that the way to prosperity is to produce more. The Chinese know that the way to prosperity is to allocate better, and one of the best ways to allocate resources that we know of, is by letting people trade. That’s not to say it’s a perfect way or even a good way, but so far we have not come up with anything better than to let people trade and then step in when the trade goes wrong or does not produce an optimal distribution of resources. Don’t misunderstand; unregulated trade tends to clog itself up and results in a very suboptimal resource distribution. It needs to be closely regulated.

Money is nothing more than an intermediary to allow trade to occur. When people hoard money, that in itself is a dampener on economic growth. Money which is spent circulates again and again, and greases the wheels of trade. An economy where people freely spend and freely earn money is a prosperous one. An economy where people hoard money is one where nobody gets what they want (except the idiots who somehow derive utility from hoarding money).

So no, it is not “made up”. In economics, public confidence is what creates prosperity. When people are confident, they spend. They earn it back. They trade. They create value. When people are scared, they desperately hold on to what they have. They stop trading. That value, it never gets created.

Because deflation isn’t the only thing that causes them. It’s just that a deflationary economy makes them far more likely to happen to a far greater number of people.

Deflation is devastatingly bad for banks. It discourages investment and new businesses because it shifts the maths in favour of just holding cash rather than investing in new businesses. No new businesses means fewer people need loans. And deflation makes loans more expensive for ordinary people, who stop borrowing. Banks profit only by lending out the money that they have. No loans, no profit.

What people think living in a deflationary economy looks like: Groceries are 5% cheaper than last year.

What living in a deflationary economy is actually like: Nobody is spending money. Your hours are cut and you won’t get a raise this year. Your income is down 25% compared to last year. You can’t afford to buy anything. Businesses everywhere have to cut prices to compete for the dwindling number of customers.

Investment dries up. Job creation comes to a complete stop. 500 people competing for every job opening that comes up. Wages keep going down as a result. The uncertainty means that even people who still have a job are choosing to save as much as possible rather than spend.

Foreclosures rise, people lose their homes as the wealthy snap up the newly-freed housing stock at distressed prices. Car repossession rates skyrocket, causing a surge of used cars to enter the market, dragging down new car prices along with them. Automobile manufacturers start biting their nails as analysts project lower sales numbers and tighter margins, pushing most heavy industry into the red. Workforce cuts soon follow.

Credit default rates soar, leading to the first bank failures. National deposit insurance schemes soften the blow and prevent a full banking crisis, but deposit insurance rates start climbing, causing banks to raise fees and cut benefits.

The lower economic activity causes budget shortfalls in every city in the country. Poor tax growth forecasts force local councils to start cutting services. The first to go will be cultural events. Then the public transport cuts come. And then homeless services. Then eventually all departments except police, fire, water, and electricity get cut down to the bone, and then some. Maintenance on public buildings get slapped with 5- or even 10-year deferrals.

People are skipping meals to make ends meet. Produce rots on the shelves until grocers learn to order less. Lower crop prices push many small to medium farms into insolvency; larger corporate farms are better able to weather the storm. Groceries are 5% cheaper than last year.